| Chapter 1:
Understanding Basic Grammar |
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WORD FUNCTIONS
PARTS OF SPEECH |
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Verbs
Nouns and pronouns
Adjectives and adverbs
Prepositions and conjunctions |
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SENTENCES |
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Essential elements: the subject and the verb
Additional elements: modifiers and connectors
Subjects and objects |
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REVIEW EXERCISES |
| Chapter 2:
Articles and Nouns |
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ARTICLES: A, AN, AND
THE
COUNT AND NONCOUNT NOUNS |
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Some common noncount nouns |
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PLURALS |
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Irregular plurals |
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REVIEW EXERCISES |
| Chapter 3:
The Present Tense |
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PRESENT TENSE FORMS
THE SIMPLE PRESENT
THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
NONACTION VERBS
QUESTION WORD QUESTIONS
TAG QUESTIONS
REVIEW EXERCISES |
| Chapter 4:
The Past Tense |
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PAST TENSE FORMS
THE SIMPLE PAST |
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Pronunciation of past tense forms
Practice with irregular past tense forms |
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THE PAST PROGRESSIVE
TAG QUESTIONS
REVIEW EXERCISES |
| Chapter 5:
The Future Tense |
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FUTURE TENSE FORMS
THE SIMPLE FUTURE
THE FUTURE PROGRESSIVE
OTHER WAYS OF EXPRESSING THE FUTURE |
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Expressing the future with be going to
Expressing the future with the present progressive |
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THE PRESENT TENSE FOR FUTURE IDEAS
IN SUBORDINATE CLAUSES
TAG QUESTIONS
REVIEW EXERCISES |
| Chapter 6:
The Perfect Tenses |
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FORMS OF VERBS IN THE PERFECT
TENSES
THE PRESENT PERFECT |
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Practice with irregular past participle forms |
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THE PAST PERFECT
THE FUTURE PERFECT
TAG QUESTIONS
REVIEW EXERCISES |
| Chapter 7:
Modal Auxiliaries and Related Forms |
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WAYS OF EXPRESSING POSSIBILITY
OR CAPABILITY |
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Can
Could
Be able |
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WAYS OF EXPRESSING PROBABILITY |
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May
Might and could
Should and ought to |
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WAYS OF EXPRESSING DEDUCTION |
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Cannot
Must |
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WAYS OF EXPRESSING NECESSITY |
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Must
Have to
Should/ought to
Had better |
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TAG QUESTIONS
REVIEW EXERCISES |
| Chapter 8:
Building Sentences |
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BASIC SENTENCES
EXPANDED SENTENCES
IT AS THE SUBJECT OF THE SENTENCE
SENTENCES BEGINNING WITH THERE
SENTENCES WITH THE CONDITIONAL |
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Real conditions
Improbable and imaginary conditions
Past conditions |
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REVIEW EXERCISES |
| Chapter 9:
Pronouns and Related Forms |
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FORMS OF ONE
FORMS OF OTHER
FORMS OF THIS AND THAT
POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS AND ADJECTIVES
WORDS WITH DIFFERENT SINGULAR AND PLURAL FORMS
WORDS WITH THE SAME SINGULAR AND PLURAL FORMS
OTHER INDEFINITE PRONOUNS
REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS
RELATIVE PRONOUNS |
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Nonessential information |
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REVIEW EXERCISES |
| Chapter 10:
Gerunds, Participles, and Infinitives |
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GERUNDS
PARTICIPLES |
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Present participles
Past participles |
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INFINITIVES
INFINITIVES AND GERUNDS AFTER VERBS
REVIEW EXERCISES |
| Chapter 11:
Adjectives and Adverbs |
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ADJECTIVES |
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Form
Comparison of adjectives
Positions in sentences
Active and passive modifiers |
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ADVERBS |
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Form
Comparison of adverbs
Positions in sentences |
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REVIEW EXERCISES |
| Chapter 12:
Connecting Ideas |
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PREPOSITIONS
CONJUNCTIONS |
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Coordinating conjunctions
Subordinating conjunctions
Adverbial conjunctions |
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SENTENCE COMBINING |
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Combining to show addition
Combining to show contrast
Combining to show cause
Combining to show effect
Combining to show purpose
Combining to give examples |
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REVIEW EXERCISES |
| Chapter 13:
The Passive |
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PASSIVE FORMS
THE INDIRECT OBJECT AS SUBJECT IN A PASSIVE SENTENCE
REVIEW EXERCISES |
| Chapter 14:
Word Combinations |
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COMMON WORD COMBINATIONS
LIST OF COMMON WORD COMBINATIONS
PRACTICING WITH WORD COMBINATIONS
REVIEW EXERCISES |
| Chapter 15:
Correcting Common Errors |
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FRAGMENTS (INCOMPLETE SENTENCES) |
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Missing subject
Missing verb
Missing main clause
Added information fragment
Incomplete subordinate clause |
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RUN-TOGETHER SENTENCES |
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Using punctuation to make independent
statements
Using coordinating conjunctions to connect
statements
Using adverbial conjunctions to connect statements
Using subordinating conjunctions to connect main and
subordinate clauses |
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ERRORS IN PUNCTUATION AND
CAPITALIZATION |
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End punctuation
Commas
Colons, dashes, and parentheses
Quotation marks
Capitalization |
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MODIFIER ERRORS
AGREEMENT ERRORS
SHIFTS IN VERB TENSE
SHIFTS IN PERSON
ERRORS IN PARALLELISM |
Answer Key
Appendix |
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IRREGULAR VERBS |
| Index |